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4.8 Wireless Controller Integration for SD-Access

4.8.1 C9800 WLC Architecture for Fabric

Fabric WLC Deployment Model

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    C9800 FABRIC WIRELESS ARCHITECTURE                            │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                                  │
│   ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│   │                         CATALYST CENTER (DNAC)                           │   │
│   │                    Fabric Wireless Orchestration                         │   │
│   └───────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                   │                                             │
│                                   │ HTTPS/NETCONF                               │
│                                   ▼                                             │
│   ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│   │                      C9800-40 WLC HA PAIR                                │   │
│   │  ┌─────────────────────┐     ┌─────────────────────┐                    │   │
│   │  │   WLC-MUM-01        │     │   WLC-MUM-02        │                    │   │
│   │  │   (Active)          │◄───►│   (Standby-Hot)     │                    │   │
│   │  │   10.252.40.10      │ SSO │   10.252.40.11      │                    │   │
│   │  └─────────────────────┘     └─────────────────────┘                    │   │
│   │            │                                                             │   │
│   │            │ • Fabric Control Plane Registration                        │   │
│   │            │ • LISP Map-Server/Resolver Communication                   │   │
│   │            │ • Client EID Registration                                  │   │
│   │            │ • AP RLOC Management                                       │   │
│   │            ▼                                                             │   │
│   │  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐    │   │
│   │  │                 FABRIC CONTROL PLANE NODES                       │    │   │
│   │  │         MUM-CP-01 (10.250.1.3) / MUM-CP-02 (10.250.1.4)        │    │   │
│   │  └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘    │   │
│   └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                   │                                             │
│                                   │ CAPWAP (Control Only)                       │
│                                   ▼                                             │
│   ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│   │                         FABRIC ACCESS POINTS                             │   │
│   │                                                                          │   │
│   │   ┌─────────┐  ┌─────────┐  ┌─────────┐  ┌─────────┐  ┌─────────┐       │   │
│   │   │C9130AXI │  │C9130AXI │  │C9130AXI │  │C9130AXI │  │C9130AXI │       │   │
│   │   │ AP-01   │  │ AP-02   │  │ AP-03   │  │ AP-04   │  │ AP-N    │       │   │
│   │   └────┬────┘  └────┬────┘  └────┬────┘  └────┬────┘  └────┬────┘       │   │
│   │        │            │            │            │            │            │   │
│   │        └────────────┴─────┬──────┴────────────┴────────────┘            │   │
│   │                           │                                              │   │
│   │                           │ VXLAN Data Plane                            │   │
│   │                           ▼                                              │   │
│   │              ┌─────────────────────────────────┐                        │   │
│   │              │      FABRIC EDGE NODES          │                        │   │
│   │              │   (Local Switching + SGT)       │                        │   │
│   │              └─────────────────────────────────┘                        │   │
│   └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                                                                  │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

4.8.2 WLC Base Configuration

Initial C9800 Setup

! ============================================================
! C9800-40 BASE CONFIGURATION - WLC-MUM-01
! ============================================================

! System Settings
hostname WLC-MUM-01
!
ip domain name corp.local
!
clock timezone UTC 0
!
ntp server 10.252.1.10
ntp server 10.252.1.11

! Management Interface
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 description MANAGEMENT
 ip address 10.252.40.10 255.255.255.0
 no shutdown
!
ip default-gateway 10.252.40.1

! DNS Configuration
ip name-server 10.252.1.20
ip name-server 10.252.1.21

! Enable HTTP/HTTPS
ip http server
ip http secure-server
ip http authentication local

! Enable NETCONF for DNAC
netconf-yang
netconf-yang feature candidate-datastore

! SNMPv3 Configuration
snmp-server group DNAC-GROUP v3 priv
snmp-server user dnac-snmp DNAC-GROUP v3 auth sha <auth-pass> priv aes 128 <priv-pass>
snmp-server host 10.252.10.10 version 3 priv dnac-snmp

! SSH Configuration
ip ssh version 2
ip ssh time-out 60
ip ssh authentication-retries 3
line vty 0 15
 login local
 transport input ssh
 exec-timeout 30 0

! Local Admin User
username admin privilege 15 secret <password>
username netadmin privilege 15 secret <password>

! AAA Configuration (for device admin)
aaa new-model
aaa authentication login default local
aaa authorization exec default local

! Logging
logging host 10.252.1.30
logging trap informational
logging source-interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

Wireless Management Interface

! ============================================================
! WIRELESS MANAGEMENT CONFIGURATION
! ============================================================

! Wireless Management Interface (WMI)
wireless management interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

! AP Join Profile Interface
ap profile default-ap-profile
 description "Default AP Join Profile"
 mgmtuser username apmanager password 0 <password> secret 0 <secret>

4.8.3 Fabric Configuration

Enable Fabric Mode

! ============================================================
! FABRIC WIRELESS CONFIGURATION
! ============================================================

! Enable Fabric on WLC
wireless fabric

! Configure Fabric Control Plane
wireless fabric control-plane default-control-plane
 ip address 10.250.1.3
 ip address 10.250.1.4
 key 0 <lisp-auth-key>
!
! Fabric data plane configuration is automatic
! WLC registers with CP and learns AP RLOCs

Verify Fabric Registration

! Verify Fabric Status
show wireless fabric summary

! Expected Output:
! Fabric Status      : Enabled
! Control Plane Count: 2
!
! Control Plane Nodes:
! IP Address      Status      Type
! --------------------------------------------------------
! 10.250.1.3      UP          Map-Server/Map-Resolver
! 10.250.1.4      UP          Map-Server/Map-Resolver

! Verify Fabric APs
show ap summary
show wireless fabric ap summary

4.8.4 WLAN Configuration

Corp-Secure WLAN (802.1X)

! ============================================================
! WLAN CONFIGURATION - CORP-SECURE
! ============================================================

! Create WLAN
wlan Corp-Secure 1 Corp-Secure
 no shutdown
 broadcast-ssid

 ! Security Settings
 security wpa psk set-key ascii 0 <not-used-for-802.1X>
 no security wpa psk
 security wpa wpa3
 security wpa akm dot1x
 security pmf mandatory
 security ft
 security ft over-the-ds

 ! AAA Settings
 security dot1x authentication-list ISE-AUTH
 no security wpa wpa2 ciphers aes
 security wpa wpa3 ciphers aes

 ! Session Timeout
 session-timeout 28800

 ! Client Settings
 client association limit 0
 client vlan default

 ! Quality of Service
 wmm require

 exit

! AAA Server for 802.1X
aaa group server radius ISE-SERVERS
 server name ISE-PSN-MUM-1
 server name ISE-PSN-MUM-2

radius server ISE-PSN-MUM-1
 address ipv4 10.252.31.11 auth-port 1812 acct-port 1813
 timeout 5
 retransmit 2
 key 0 <radius-shared-secret>

radius server ISE-PSN-MUM-2
 address ipv4 10.252.31.12 auth-port 1812 acct-port 1813
 timeout 5
 retransmit 2
 key 0 <radius-shared-secret>

aaa authentication dot1x ISE-AUTH group ISE-SERVERS
aaa authorization network ISE-AUTH group ISE-SERVERS
aaa accounting identity ISE-ACCT start-stop group ISE-SERVERS

Corp-Guest WLAN (Web Auth)

! ============================================================
! WLAN CONFIGURATION - CORP-GUEST
! ============================================================

wlan Corp-Guest 2 Corp-Guest
 no shutdown
 broadcast-ssid

 ! Security - WPA3-Personal with Web Auth
 security wpa psk set-key ascii 0 <guest-psk>
 security wpa wpa3
 security wpa akm sae

 ! Web Authentication
 security web-auth
 security web-auth authentication-list ISE-GUEST
 security web-auth on-macfilter-failure
 security web-auth parameter-map global

 ! Session Settings
 session-timeout 28800
 client exclusion timeout 60

 exit

! Web Auth Parameter Map
parameter-map type webauth global
 type webauth
 redirect for-login https://ise.corp.local:8443/portal/PortalSetup.action?portal=guest
 redirect on-failure https://ise.corp.local:8443/portal/PortalSetup.action?portal=guest
 redirect on-success https://www.corp.com
 redirect portal ipv4 10.252.30.10

Corp-IoT WLAN (PSK + MAC Filter)

! ============================================================
! WLAN CONFIGURATION - CORP-IOT
! ============================================================

wlan Corp-IoT 3 Corp-IoT
 no shutdown
 no broadcast-ssid

 ! Security - WPA2-PSK
 security wpa psk set-key ascii 0 <iot-strong-psk>
 security wpa wpa2
 security wpa akm psk

 ! MAC Filtering via ISE
 mac-filtering ISE-MAC-FILTER

 ! Session Settings  
 session-timeout 86400

 exit

! MAC Filter AAA
aaa authorization network ISE-MAC-FILTER group ISE-SERVERS

Corp-Voice WLAN

! ============================================================
! WLAN CONFIGURATION - CORP-VOICE
! ============================================================

wlan Corp-Voice 4 Corp-Voice
 no shutdown
 broadcast-ssid

 ! Security - WPA3-Enterprise
 security wpa wpa3
 security wpa akm dot1x
 security pmf mandatory
 security ft

 ! AAA
 security dot1x authentication-list ISE-AUTH

 ! QoS for Voice
 wmm require
 call-snooping

 ! Session Settings
 session-timeout 86400

 exit

4.8.5 Policy Profile Configuration

Policy Profile for Corp-Secure

! ============================================================
! POLICY PROFILE - CORP-SECURE
! ============================================================

wireless profile policy POLICY-CORP-SECURE
 description "Policy for Corporate Secure WLAN"

 ! Enable Fabric
 fabric

 ! VLAN (dynamic from ISE/Fabric)
 vlan
 no vlan

 ! AAA Settings
 aaa-override
 nac

 ! Central Web Auth
 central web-auth

 ! Session Timeout
 session-timeout 28800
 idle-timeout 1800

 ! Client Settings
 exclusionlist timeout 180

 ! DHCP
 dhcp-tlv-caching

 ! IPv6
 ipv6 enable

 ! QoS
 service-policy input platinum-up
 service-policy output platinum

 no shutdown
 exit

Policy Profile for Corp-Guest

! ============================================================
! POLICY PROFILE - CORP-GUEST
! ============================================================

wireless profile policy POLICY-CORP-GUEST
 description "Policy for Guest WLAN"

 ! Enable Fabric
 fabric

 ! Static VLAN for Guest (before auth)
 vlan GUEST_VLAN

 ! AAA Settings
 aaa-override
 nac
 central web-auth

 ! Session Timeout
 session-timeout 28800
 idle-timeout 600

 ! HTTP/HTTPS Redirect
 webauth-http-enable

 ! QoS - Bronze (rate limited)
 service-policy input bronze-up
 service-policy output bronze

 no shutdown
 exit

Policy Profile for IoT

! ============================================================
! POLICY PROFILE - CORP-IOT
! ============================================================

wireless profile policy POLICY-CORP-IOT
 description "Policy for IoT WLAN"

 ! Enable Fabric
 fabric

 ! AAA Override for dynamic SGT
 aaa-override

 ! Session Timeout (long for IoT)
 session-timeout 86400
 idle-timeout 7200

 ! QoS - Bronze
 service-policy input bronze-up
 service-policy output bronze

 no shutdown
 exit

Policy Profile for Voice

! ============================================================
! POLICY PROFILE - CORP-VOICE
! ============================================================

wireless profile policy POLICY-CORP-VOICE
 description "Policy for Voice WLAN"

 ! Enable Fabric
 fabric

 ! AAA Settings
 aaa-override

 ! Voice Settings
 call-snooping

 ! Session Timeout
 session-timeout 86400

 ! QoS - Platinum (Voice Priority)
 service-policy input platinum-up
 service-policy output platinum

 no shutdown
 exit

4.8.6 AP Join Profile Configuration

Default AP Profile

! ============================================================
! AP JOIN PROFILE
! ============================================================

ap profile default-ap-profile
 description "Default AP Profile for SD-Access"

 ! Hyperlocation (optional)
 hyperlocation ble-beacon 0
 hyperlocation ble-beacon 1
 hyperlocation ble-beacon 2
 hyperlocation ble-beacon 3
 hyperlocation ble-beacon 4

 ! LED State
 led-brightness-level 8

 ! Link Latency
 link-latency

 ! Management User
 mgmtuser username apmanager password 0 <password> secret 0 <secret>

 ! SSH
 ssh

 ! Syslog
 syslog host 10.252.1.30

 ! CDP
 cdp

 exit

RF Profile Configuration

! ============================================================
! RF PROFILES
! ============================================================

! 5 GHz RF Profile
ap dot11 5ghz rf-profile RF-PROFILE-5GHZ
 description "5GHz RF Profile for Office"

 ! Channel Width
 channel-width 40

 ! Power Settings
 tx-power min 8
 tx-power max 17

 ! RRM
 coverage level global
 coverage data fail-percentage 50
 coverage data packet-count 10
 coverage data rssi-threshold -80
 coverage voice rssi-threshold -80

 ! DCA
 dca channel-list 36,40,44,48,52,56,60,64,100,104,108,112,116,132,136,140,149,153,157,161,165
 dca min-metric 35

 ! TPC
 tpc-power threshold -70

 ! Client Steering
 client-steering

 no shutdown
 exit

! 2.4 GHz RF Profile
ap dot11 24ghz rf-profile RF-PROFILE-24GHZ
 description "2.4GHz RF Profile for Office"

 ! Channel Width (always 20MHz)
 channel-width 20

 ! Power Settings (lower for 2.4GHz)
 tx-power min 5
 tx-power max 14

 ! RRM
 coverage level global
 coverage data fail-percentage 50
 coverage data rssi-threshold -80

 ! DCA - Only non-overlapping
 dca channel-list 1,6,11

 ! TPC
 tpc-power threshold -70

 no shutdown
 exit

4.8.7 Policy Tag Configuration

Policy Tags (WLAN to Policy Mapping)

! ============================================================
! POLICY TAGS
! ============================================================

! Default Policy Tag
wireless tag policy PT-CORP-DEFAULT
 description "Default Policy Tag for Corporate"

 ! WLAN-Policy Mapping
 wlan Corp-Secure policy POLICY-CORP-SECURE
 wlan Corp-Guest policy POLICY-CORP-GUEST
 wlan Corp-IoT policy POLICY-CORP-IOT
 wlan Corp-Voice policy POLICY-CORP-VOICE

 exit

Site Tag Configuration

! ============================================================
! SITE TAGS
! ============================================================

wireless tag site ST-MUMBAI-HQ
 description "Mumbai HQ Site Tag"

 ! AP Join Profile
 ap-profile default-ap-profile

 ! Local Site (not FlexConnect)
 no local-site

 ! Fabric Enabled
 fabric-enabled

 exit

wireless tag site ST-LONDON-HQ
 description "London HQ Site Tag"
 ap-profile default-ap-profile
 no local-site
 fabric-enabled
 exit

RF Tag Configuration

! ============================================================
! RF TAGS
! ============================================================

wireless tag rf RT-OFFICE-DEFAULT
 description "Default RF Tag for Office"

 ! RF Profile Assignment
 dot11 5ghz rf-profile RF-PROFILE-5GHZ
 dot11 24ghz rf-profile RF-PROFILE-24GHZ

 exit

4.8.8 AP Provisioning

AP Tag Assignment

! ============================================================
! AP TAG ASSIGNMENT
! ============================================================

! Assign tags to specific APs
ap <ap-mac-address>
 policy-tag PT-CORP-DEFAULT
 site-tag ST-MUMBAI-HQ
 rf-tag RT-OFFICE-DEFAULT

! Or via AP name filter
ap filter name AP-MUM-F1*
 policy-tag PT-CORP-DEFAULT
 site-tag ST-MUMBAI-HQ
 rf-tag RT-OFFICE-DEFAULT

AP Location Configuration

! ============================================================
! AP LOCATION ASSIGNMENT
! ============================================================

! Set AP location via CLI
ap name AP-MUM-F1-01 location "Mumbai HQ Floor 1"
ap name AP-MUM-F1-02 location "Mumbai HQ Floor 1"
ap name AP-MUM-F2-01 location "Mumbai HQ Floor 2"

! Or via DNAC Floor Maps (preferred)

4.8.9 High Availability (SSO) Configuration

HA Pair Setup

! ============================================================
! HIGH AVAILABILITY CONFIGURATION
! ============================================================

! On WLC-MUM-01 (Primary)
redundancy
 mode sso

chassis 1
 priority 2

chassis ha-interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.252.41.10 255.255.255.0

! On WLC-MUM-02 (Secondary)
redundancy
 mode sso

chassis 2
 priority 1

chassis ha-interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.252.41.11 255.255.255.0

! HA Keepalive and Peer
chassis redundancy ha-interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 local-ip 10.252.41.10 remote-ip 10.252.41.11

! Verify HA
show redundancy
show chassis

HA Verification

! Check HA Status
WLC-MUM-01# show redundancy

Redundant System Information :
       Available system uptime = 15 days, 3 hours, 45 minutes
Switchovers system experienced = 0
              Standby failures = 0
        Last switchover reason = none

                 Hardware Mode = Duplex
    Configured Redundancy Mode = sso
     Operating Redundancy Mode = sso
              Maintenance Mode = Disabled
                Communications = Up

Current Processor Information :
               Active Location = slot 1
        Current Software state = ACTIVE
       Uptime in current state = 15 days, 3 hours, 45 minutes
                 Image Version = 17.9.3
        Configuration register = 0x2102

Peer Processor Information :
              Standby Location = slot 2
        Current Software state = STANDBY HOT
       Uptime in current state = 15 days, 3 hours, 44 minutes
                 Image Version = 17.9.3
        Configuration register = 0x2102

4.8.10 DNAC Integration

Add WLC to DNAC Inventory

# DNAC: Provision > Network Devices > Inventory > Add Device

WLC_Discovery:
  Device_IP: 10.252.40.10
  Device_Type: Wireless Controller

  CLI_Credentials:
    Username: netadmin
    Password: <password>
    Enable_Password: <password>

  SNMP_Credentials:
    Version: 3
    Username: dnac-snmp
    Auth_Protocol: SHA
    Auth_Password: <password>
    Priv_Protocol: AES128
    Priv_Password: <password>

  NETCONF:
    Port: 830

# Wait for device sync (~5 minutes)

Provision WLC as Fabric-Enabled

# DNAC: Provision > Fabric Sites > [Site] > Fabric Infrastructure

Fabric_WLC_Provisioning:

  Site: Global/APAC/Mumbai

  Add_Wireless_Controller:
    Device: WLC-MUM-01
    Fabric_Role: Fabric-Enabled Wireless Controller

  Control_Plane_Nodes:
    Primary: MUM-CP-01 (10.250.1.3)
    Secondary: MUM-CP-02 (10.250.1.4)

  Settings:
    Fabric_Enabled: Yes
    LISP_Authentication: <key>

SSID to VN Mapping via DNAC

# DNAC: Provision > Fabric Sites > [Site] > Host Onboarding > Wireless SSIDs

SSID_VN_Mapping:

  Corp-Secure:
    SSID: Corp-Secure
    Virtual_Network: VN_CORPORATE
    IP_Pool: Corporate_Pool_Floor1
    SGT_Assignment: Dynamic (from ISE)
    Authentication: Enterprise (802.1X)

  Corp-Guest:
    SSID: Corp-Guest
    Virtual_Network: VN_GUEST
    IP_Pool: Guest_Pool
    SGT_Assignment: Static (40 - Guests)
    Authentication: Guest Portal

  Corp-IoT:
    SSID: Corp-IoT
    Virtual_Network: VN_IOT
    IP_Pool: IoT_Pool
    SGT_Assignment: Static (50 - IoT)
    Authentication: MAC Filter + PSK

  Corp-Voice:
    SSID: Corp-Voice
    Virtual_Network: VN_VOICE
    IP_Pool: Voice_Pool
    SGT_Assignment: Static (20 - Voice)
    Authentication: Enterprise (802.1X)

4.8.11 Verification Commands

Fabric Verification

! Fabric Status
show wireless fabric summary
show wireless fabric vnid mapping
show wireless fabric ap summary

! Example output:
! Fabric Status: Enabled
! Control Plane Count: 2
! VN-ID Mappings:
!   VN Name         VN-ID    L2-VNI   L3-VNI
!   VN_CORPORATE    8001     8001     4097
!   VN_GUEST        8004     8004     4100
!   VN_IOT          8003     8003     4099
!   VN_VOICE        8002     8002     4098

AP Verification

! AP Summary
show ap summary

! AP Fabric Status
show ap name AP-MUM-F1-01 config general

! AP Tag Assignment
show ap tag summary

! Expected Output:
! AP Name              MAC Address       Tag Policy         Tag Site           Tag RF
! -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
! AP-MUM-F1-01        00:11:22:33:44:55  PT-CORP-DEFAULT   ST-MUMBAI-HQ      RT-OFFICE

Client Verification

! Wireless Clients
show wireless client summary

! Client Detail (including SGT)
show wireless client mac-address <client-mac> detail

! Example Output:
! Client MAC Address: aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff
! Client Username: jdoe@corp.local
! AP Name: AP-MUM-F1-01
! WLAN Profile Name: Corp-Secure
! Wireless LAN Network Name (SSID): Corp-Secure
! Security Policy Completed: Yes
! Policy Type: WPA3
! Authentication Key Management: 802.1X
! SGT: 10 (Employees)
! VN-ID: 8001
! VXLAN Tunnel: Yes

RADIUS/ISE Verification

! RADIUS Server Status
show aaa servers

! RADIUS Statistics
show radius statistics

! Authentication Failures
show wireless client mac-address <mac> detail | include Auth|Failure

4.8.12 Troubleshooting

Common Issues and Resolution

! AP Not Joining
show ap cdp neighbor
show capwap client rcb
debug capwap events enable
debug capwap errors enable

! Client Not Authenticating
debug dot1x all
debug aaa authentication
debug aaa authorization
show aaa local statistics

! Fabric Issues
debug lisp control-plane all
show lisp session
show lisp site detail

! SGT Not Assigned
show cts role-based sgt-map all
show wireless fabric client wired-sgt

Debug Commands

! Enable Debugging (use with caution)
debug wireless client mac <client-mac>
debug wireless dot1x enable
debug wireless fabric events

! Disable All Debugging
undebug all

4.8.13 WLC Configuration Checklist

Category Task Status
Base Configuration
Hostname and domain
Management IP
NTP configured
DNS configured
SNMP for DNAC
NETCONF enabled
Fabric Configuration
Fabric enabled
Control plane nodes
LISP authentication
WLANs
Corp-Secure (802.1X)
Corp-Guest (WebAuth)
Corp-IoT (PSK/MAC)
Corp-Voice (802.1X)
Policy Profiles
Fabric-enabled profiles
AAA override enabled
QoS policies attached
RF Configuration
5GHz RF profile
2.4GHz RF profile
Channel/power settings
High Availability
SSO configured
HA verified
DNAC Integration
WLC discovered
Fabric provisioned
SSIDs mapped to VNs
Verification
APs joined
Clients authenticating
SGT assignment working